https://phys.org/science-news/ en-us The latest science news on archaeology, fossils, mathematics, and science technology from Phys.org Understanding product life cycles plays an important role in the innovation arms race, helping to define firm growth and market competition. https://phys.org/news/2024-03-product-firms-economy.html Economics & Business Wed, 06 Mar 2024 17:13:03 EST news628967582 According to a commonly held assumption, women CEOs are more risk-averse than their male counterparts. Some studies have even demonstrated that women in top leadership roles are less likely than men to engage in acquisitions. https://phys.org/news/2024-03-women-ceos-averse-men-necessarily.html Economics & Business Wed, 06 Mar 2024 17:05:04 EST news628967101 How someone feels about their personal appearance or attractiveness can significantly affect their level of life satisfaction, according to a new study out of York University, which looked at a broad range of factors and their contribution to happiness. https://phys.org/news/2024-03-key-drivers-life-satisfaction-happiness.html Social Sciences Wed, 06 Mar 2024 16:45:57 EST news628965954 Sixty-eight Nobel science laureates urged Argentina's self-professed "anarcho-capitalist" President Javier Milei Wednesday to restore budgets for science and technology that have been cut under his drive to slash public spending. https://phys.org/news/2024-03-nobel-laureates-milei-canceling-scientific.html Other Wed, 06 Mar 2024 16:40:01 EST news628965426 People's feelings about how morally divided a society is in the lead-up to an election can cause them to have extreme reactions if the result doesn't go their way, like the 6 January 2021 attacks on the US Capitol, new research from The Australian National University (ANU) has shown. https://phys.org/news/2024-03-people-perceptions-fuel-political-unrest.html Social Sciences Political science Wed, 06 Mar 2024 16:06:03 EST news628963561 Australia's national science agency, CSIRO, has released a new report on the country's material use, highlighting opportunities to transition to a more circular and sustainable economy. https://phys.org/news/2024-03-reveals-australia-material-circular.html Economics & Business Wed, 06 Mar 2024 15:39:03 EST news628961941 Deploying paramedics, social workers, and others to non-criminal emergency calls could significantly boost a police department's ability to respond to criminal emergencies while reducing negative interactions with the community, according to new University of Maryland research. https://phys.org/news/2024-03-civilian-safety.html Social Sciences Political science Wed, 06 Mar 2024 15:34:03 EST news628961642 As the dust settles on another Super Tuesday, Americans are watching with bated breath to see how closely the final tallies align with the latest polls. https://phys.org/news/2024-03-opinion-polls.html Political science Wed, 06 Mar 2024 15:19:05 EST news628960741 A new paper by Stanford economist Matteo Maggiori offers policymakers a framework for understanding how economic power is used to achieve geopolitical goals. https://phys.org/news/2024-03-qa-geoeconomics-turbulent-world.html Economics & Business Political science Wed, 06 Mar 2024 15:00:01 EST news628959132 Black male elementary school students matched to Black teachers are less likely to be identified for special education services, according to new research. The relationship is strongest for economically disadvantaged students. https://phys.org/news/2024-03-black-boys-special-teachers.html Education Wed, 06 Mar 2024 14:58:03 EST news628959482 A new study finds that prosecutors in North Carolina believe "drug-induced homicide" (DIH) laws are effective at both reducing drug overdoses in a community and curtailing the distribution of illicit drugs. These beliefs are worth noting because there is no evidence to support them, while there is evidence that DIH prosecutions make people in affected communities less likely to call 911—and may actually increase the number of overdoses in a community. https://phys.org/news/2024-03-drug-homicide-prosecutions-north-carolina.html Social Sciences Political science Wed, 06 Mar 2024 14:54:03 EST news628959242 More than forty archaeological sites in Cyprus dating potentially as far back as the Bronze Age that were thought lost to history have been relocated by University of Leicester scientists working for the Ministry of Defence. https://phys.org/news/2024-03-lost-tombs-quarries-rediscovered-british.html Archaeology Wed, 06 Mar 2024 14:48:28 EST news628958903 A new study from the University of Ottawa is providing insight into how different generations are interpreting the use of emojis in their communications, with older adults unsure of how to use them as frequently as younger adults despite understanding their meaning. https://phys.org/news/2024-03-older-adults-emojis-dont.html Social Sciences Wed, 06 Mar 2024 14:47:30 EST news628958845 Ancient stone tools found in western Ukraine may be the oldest known evidence of early human presence in Europe, according to research published Wednesday in the journal Nature. https://phys.org/news/2024-03-ancient-stone-tools-ukraine-date.html Archaeology Wed, 06 Mar 2024 14:30:36 EST news628957816 According to a new study published in People and Nature, there is mounting evidence that nature can help humans address the time pressure of contemporary urban lifestyles by contributing to the regulation of the human sense of time. A better understanding of the relationship between natural environments and human time perception can help design healthier living environments. https://phys.org/news/2024-03-nature-key-healthier-relationship.html Social Sciences Wed, 06 Mar 2024 14:16:03 EST news628956961 A group of Tallinn University researchers has published an innovative study that sheds light on the intricate dynamics of the global film festival circuit, revealing insights into diversity and public value creation within the industry. The research demonstrates that festival programming has become more thematically diverse, and the inclusion of films by women creatives has increased between 2012–2021. https://phys.org/news/2024-03-festivals-diverse-ways.html Social Sciences Economics & Business Wed, 06 Mar 2024 14:00:01 EST news628942893 Text-to-image generative AI systems like Midjourney, Stable Diffusion, and DALL-E can produce images based on text prompts that, had they been produced by humans, would plausibly be judged as "creative." Some artists have argued that these programs are a threat to human creativity. If AI comes to be relied on to produce most new visual works, drawing on what has been done before, creative progress could stagnate. https://phys.org/news/2024-03-ai-art-human-creativity.html Social Sciences Wed, 06 Mar 2024 12:50:01 EST news628950982 Hate speech incidents are widespread in all areas of society and are often unchallenged by uninvolved bystanders. LMU researchers have investigated what significance the reactions of bystanders to verbal hate attacks have for the formation of social norms. https://phys.org/news/2024-03-responsibility.html Social Sciences Political science Wed, 06 Mar 2024 12:31:33 EST news628950688 The consulting firm Spencer Stuart recently published a study of top management at Fortune 500 companies, the 500 richest companies in the United States. https://phys.org/news/2024-03-women-climb-corporate-ladder-price.html Social Sciences Economics & Business Wed, 06 Mar 2024 12:00:01 EST news628946275 Last year's UN climate conference (COP28) made history in Dubai by introducing—for the very first time—language on "transitioning away from fossil fuels in energy systems" in the final version of the negotiated text. https://phys.org/news/2024-03-cities-regions-equal-partners-global.html Political science Wed, 06 Mar 2024 11:40:02 EST news628945611 Emotion artificial intelligence uses biological signals such as vocal tone, facial expressions and data from wearable devices as well as text and how people use their computers, promising to detect and predict how someone is feeling. It is used in contexts both mundane, like entertainment, and high stakes, like the workplace, hiring and health care. https://phys.org/news/2024-03-emotion-tracking-ai-job-workers.html Social Sciences Economics & Business Wed, 06 Mar 2024 11:20:01 EST news628945368 Many of the significant health disparities and inequities Hispanic communities in the United States face are tied to a long history of health injustice in the Hispanic world. https://phys.org/news/2024-03-hispanic-health-disparities-spanish-inquisition.html Social Sciences Wed, 06 Mar 2024 11:10:35 EST news628945784 Cranbrook in Sydney's east is one of the most elite boys schools in Australia. On Monday night, the ABC's Four Corners program aired claims some female teachers had been bullied by male staff and sexually harassed by students. https://phys.org/news/2024-03-schools-good-culture-healthy-approach.html Social Sciences Education Wed, 06 Mar 2024 11:00:01 EST news628943375 When people talk about the "Anthropocene," they typically picture the vast impact human societies are having on the planet, from rapid declines in biodiversity to increases in Earth's temperature by burning fossil fuels. https://phys.org/news/2024-03-immigrant-women-financially-maternity-ways.html Social Sciences Political science Wed, 06 Mar 2024 10:50:02 EST news628943359 In the 1800s, British colonists in India set about trying to reduce the cobra population, which was making life and trade very difficult in Delhi. They began to pay a bounty for dead cobras. The strategy very quickly resulted in the widespread breeding of cobras for cash. https://phys.org/news/2024-03-fake-academic-papers-theyre-danger.html Social Sciences Education Wed, 06 Mar 2024 10:40:01 EST news628943342 Carbon offsetting—where companies or governments atone for their carbon emissions by buying credits to fund projects that are supposed to remove emissions from the atmosphere—has a bad reputation. https://phys.org/news/2024-03-carbon-broken-ways.html Economics & Business Political science Wed, 06 Mar 2024 10:30:01 EST news628943295 Researchers from Mansoura University and University of Guelph published a new Journal of Marketing study that examines how misaligned contracts can erode innovation outcomes of high-tech firms. The study, titled "Collaborating to Innovate: Balancing Strategy Dividend and Transactional Efficiencies," is authored by Nehal Elhelaly and Sourav Ray. https://phys.org/news/2024-03-dangers-misaligned-product-derail-high.html Economics & Business Wed, 06 Mar 2024 07:24:16 EST news628932253 Since it was created in 2001, Wikipedia has become a key element of the modern public sphere, which has revolutionized the way we create and share information. However, it has defects when it comes to its decentralization and flexibility, especially regarding inclusion and diversity. https://phys.org/news/2024-03-highlights-gender-gap-wikipedia.html Social Sciences Tue, 05 Mar 2024 17:21:03 EST news628881661 New research in Marketing Science has found that companies and brands that have aligned themselves with Black Lives Matter (BLM) suffered a negative impact at the hands of consumers. https://phys.org/news/2024-03-negative-consumer-impacts-blm-major.html Social Sciences Economics & Business Tue, 05 Mar 2024 17:11:03 EST news628881061 Out-of-control behavior by CEOs and other powerful people constantly makes headlines—so much so that some might consider impulsivity a pathway to power. New research from the UC San Diego Rady School of Management and Texas A&M University finds that having self-control is often what leads to power. https://phys.org/news/2024-03-power.html Social Sciences Tue, 05 Mar 2024 17:10:06 EST news628881002